Knowledgebase

P

Parked domain is a domain that is associated with your cPanel account, but doesn’t have its own content. It points to your primary domain. (In other words when users will try to access your parked domain they will be “redirected” to your main domain).

PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor – is an open-source server-side general-purpose scripting language that is mainly used to create dynamic webpages. Its code can be embedded into HTML code that simplifies webpage creation – the site designer can “jump” between PHP and HTML without inserting tons of codes to output HTML. In other words you can simply insert html code into php pages outside the <?php ?> tag. The syntax of the language was “borrowed” from C, Java and Perl, though some new features were added. PHP is supported by most of web servers and operating systems.

POP – Post Office Protocol - is an application layer protocol that is used to accept/retrieve messages from mail servers in TCP/IP networks. There are two versions of POP: POP2 – the first one that became very popular in early 80’s and POP3 - the newest version. If POP2 requires SMTP to send messages, POP3 can be used without it.

POP3 – Post Office Protocol of the 2nd version. It is used in client programs (email clients) to retrieve electronic messages from POP3 server. When you connect to the mail server to retrieve your mail, the messages are downloaded from mail server to your hard disk.

A proxy server is a service in computer networks that allows you to perform indirect requests to other network services. First, the client connects to the proxy server and requests a resource located on another server. Then the proxy server either connects to the indicated server and receives resources from there or returns the resource from its own cache (if the proxy has a cache) without contacting the specified server.

R

RAID – Redundant Array of Independent Devices (earlier Redundant Array of Inexpensive Drives) – is a method of storing data on more than one disk

Raster graphic is also called “bitmapped graphic” and is an opposite to vector graphic. These programs store digital images as a matrix of picture elements (pixels that are arranged in rows and columns). Raster graphics unlike vector graphics cannot be resized without graphic corruption. If you decrease the file it won’t lose the quality, but enlarging a bitmap image causes it to look ragged and "pixelizated”. Raster-based graphics are well-known for their .BMP, .TIF, .GIF and .JPG formats.

Raw logs (also referred to as server logs) – are files that are automatically created on the server and contain all the information about sites visitors. They have the records of user’s IPs, date and time of access, bytes transferred, requested files, etc. and can be used for such purposes as troubleshooting or analyzing traffic.

Reseller hosting is a type of webhosting when a person can sell webhosting services to other individuals using the resources (bandwidth, disk space, etc.) allocated to his/her hosting plan. Resellers are usually using WHM (Web Hosting Manager) to manage hosting accounts on the server.

S

Server - 1. is a computer constantly connected to the network that runs software (such as web server Apache) to provide services. 2. is a software program that handles requests and provides access to different facilities. The most the most commonly used software on a hosting server includes web server, mail server, ftp server, etc.

Shared hosting (also known as virtual hosting) – is a type of webhosting when multiple users (sites/accounts) reside on one server, share its resources and have the same operating system. Each account has its own “residence” and cannot be accessed by other users. Shared hosting is a good decision for those who run small business and whose websites don’t require many resources. Besides, shared hosting has very reasonable prices :)

Shared IP on the contrary to dedicated IP address is an address assigned to the whole server and shared by multiple users. Pros: it is cheaper to host a site on a shared IP address. Cons: if somebody is caught on spamming the server IP can be blacklisted. Thus, your account will be affected as well.

Shopping cart is a software that allows users (visitors) to choose the desired products from a Web catalog (while browsing the site), add or remove items, calculate prices, review their choices, and order them. Shopping carts can be sold as independent pieces of software or can be offered as a part of e-commerce plans, provided by hosting companies.

Site is a place in the Internet that is determined by its address (URL), name, has its owner and consists of webpages (that in their turn consist of images or videos).

SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol – is an application layer protocol used to transfer/send email messages between servers in TCP/IP networks. Most of email systems that send emails over the Internet use SMTP to route email (messages) from one mail server to another. The messages are retrieved by email clients using either POP3 or IMAP protocols.

Spam junk mail; unnecessary unsolicited messages sent in bulk, usually by an automated system. See spamming.

Spamming sending a heap of unnecessary commercial messages or advertisements to a group of addressees, usually by email (but can also be posted to online chat rooms, message boards and cells (mobile phone spam or also known as m-spam)). Spamming people is considered to be a gross violation of internet etiquette and is punishable. Sending spam can result even in a hosting account cancellation without any compensation.

SQL (can be pronounced either as see-kwell or as separate letters) is an abbreviation for Structured Query Language. It is a programming language that is used for requesting, retrieving and modifying information from a database.

SSH is an application layer network protocol that enables remote and secure control of the operating system.

SSI Server Side Include – is a server-side scripting language used for creating dynamic webpages by inserting the content of one file into another. It can also be used to execute programs and insert the results. In order for a web server to recognize SSI embedded scripts and run them these files must have .shtml (or .shtm) extension. SSI is a “predecessor” of such modern, more powerful and complex languages as Perl, PHP, ASP, Python, etc.

SSL- Secure Sockets Layer – is a secure protocol developed by Netscape Communications Corporation for sending information securely over the Internet. Data sent via an SSL connection is protected by encryption, a mechanism that prevents eavesdropping and tampering with any transmitted data. SSL is based on a cryptographic system that uses two keys to encrypt data (asymmetric key encryption) - a public key known to everyone and a private key known only to the recipient of the message. SSL provides businesses and consumers with the confidence that private data sent to a Web site, such as credit card numbers, is kept confidential. Customers know when they have an SSL session with a website when their browser displays the little gold padlock and the address bar begins with https rather than http. SSL certificates can be used on web servers for Internet security and mail servers such as imap, pop3 and smtp for mail collection /sending security.

Streaming Media is video or audio file(s) that can be immediately played back without being downloaded to user’s computer first. Streaming media consumes a lot of traffic and server resources. The most common files that can be used for streaming are .mp3, .avi, .ram, .ra, .au, .aiff, .flv, etc.

Subdomain (also known as third-level domain) – in DNS hierarchy is a part of a larger domain name. For example, support.modohosting.com is the subdomain of the modohosting.com domain. There can be fourth- and fifth-level domains, and so on with virtually no limitation. Each “subdomain” (part of the domain) can contain up to 63 characters, but the length of the whole domain name should not exceed 255 characters. Usually subdomains are used to assign a name to a particular department or to divide the site into sections with short and easy to remember names. For example, support.modohosting.com shows that it is a section/department where one can ask for some assistance. A subdomain can also be used to indicate a particular host server. For example, www.modohosting.com would be a World Wide Web server, when mail.modohosting.com would be an email server.

T

TCP/IP- Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (currently in revision 4, known as IPv4, and sometimes called 4bone) - is a communication language that is used for transmitting data over networks. It is the main protocol for the Internet. TCP/IP is a set of instructions that describes how packets of information are sent across multiple networks. The TCP part deals with the verifying delivery of the packets. The IP part refers to the moving of data packets between nodes.

Telnet isa terminal emulation program that lets you loginn remotely to other computers on the Internet (to which you have access) and use programs and data that the remote owner has made available, just as if it were your local computer. It runs on your computer and connects your PC to a server on the network. It has a command line interface where you can enter commands.

TLD is the last and the most important (significant) part of the domain name, i.e. extension that follows the absolute domain name. For example, if we have www.yourdomain.com .COM is the TLD for the absolute domain “yourdomain.com”. There are 2 main groups of top level domains: 1. Country code domain names: like .us, .au, .cn, etc. Such TLDs are also called ccTLDs and are used to easily identify the country. (Can be used by a company which location can be easily identified by this ccTLD). Such TLDs are generally reserved for a country or a dependent territory. 2. Generic top-level domains: are open for registration to any person wishing to purchase it and are commonly used by various organizations.